Understanding and Utilizing the Geosite.dat File in V2Ray

What is Geosite.dat?

The Geosite.dat file is a crucial component of V2Ray, a popular platform for building proxies to bypass network restrictions and enhance online privacy. This file serves as a database of domain names, categorized into different groups or “tags.” V2Ray’s routing function utilizes this database to make intelligent decisions about how to handle network traffic based on the destination domain.

How V2Ray Uses Geosite.dat for Routing

Built-in Geosite.dat

V2Ray includes a built-in Geosite.dat file within its distribution package. This default file contains a collection of commonly used domain names, often categorized by country or purpose.

A frequent use case is to separate domestic (Chinese geosite 是什么文件​ , for example) websites for direct connection. Here is an example from the guide given that shows how it is used in routing configurations:

{
    "type": "field",
    "outboundTag": "direct",
    "domain": [
        "geosite:cn"
    ]
}

This configuration snippet tells V2Ray to route traffic destined for domains tagged as “cn” (typically Chinese websites) through a “direct” connection, bypassing any proxy.

External Geosite.dat Files: Expanding Functionality ( geosite 是什么文件​)

While the built-in Geosite.dat is useful, its coverage might be limited. Fortunately, V2Ray supports using custom, external Geosite.dat files. This allows users to tailor routing rules to their specific needs, such as blocking ads or routing traffic for specific services through a proxy. In Chinese geosite 是什么文件​

Example: h2y.dat

The provided reference mentions a custom geosite.dat file named h2y.dat, available on GitHub. This file provides two tags:

• ad: Contains a list of common advertising domains.
• gfw: Contains a list of domains commonly blocked by the Great Firewall of China.

Using an External File in V2Ray Configuration

Here’s how to configure V2Ray to use an external geosite.dat file like h2y.dat that you have downloaded, such as to block ads and route blocked sites through proxy. Make sure to put the file in the directory where the V2Ray running file is located.

1. Download the External File: Download the desired .dat file (e.g., h2y.dat) from a trusted source.
2. Place the File: Put the downloaded file in the same directory as your V2Ray executable.
3. Modify Routing Rules: Update your V2Ray configuration file to reference the external file using the ext: format. Here’s an example:

<!– end list –>

"rules":[
    {
        "type": "field",
        "outboundTag": "block", 
        "domain": [
            "ext:h2y.dat:ad"
        ]
    },
    {
        "type": "field",
        "outboundTag": "proxy", 
        "domain": [
            "ext:h2y.dat:gfw"
        ]
    },
    {
        "type": "field",
        "network":"tcp,udp",
        "outboundTag": "direct" 
    }
]

Explanation:

• "ext:h2y.dat:ad": This rule directs V2Ray to use the ad tag from the external file h2y.dat to identify advertising domains and route them through the “block” outbound, effectively blocking ads.
• "ext:h2y.dat:gfw": This rule uses the gfw tag from h2y.dat to identify domains blocked by the GFW and routes them through the “proxy” outbound.
• "network":"tcp,udp": This ensures all TCP and UDP traffic not matching previous rules will go through the “direct” outbound. This is useful because the default outbound may be set as your proxy.

Important Note: The provided examples assume you have defined outbounds with tags “block,” “proxy,” and “direct” in your V2Ray configuration.

Regularly Updating External Files

It’s crucial to keep your external geosite.dat files updated. The maintainer of h2y.dat, for instance, updates it weekly. Regularly check the source (e.g., the GitHub repository) for the latest version of geosite 是什么文件​ to ensure optimal performance.

The Source and Structure of geosite.dat

Source of the Default geosite.dat

The default geosite.dat file included with V2Ray is generated from the domain-list-community project on GitHub: https://github.com/v2fly/domain-list-community. This project maintains a community-driven database of domain names categorized by various criteria.

geoip.dat

Similar to Geosite.dat, V2Ray also uses a geoip.dat file for routing based on IP address geolocation. The source for this file is: https://github.com/v2fly/geoip.

Viewing the Contents of Geosite.dat

The Geosite.dat file itself has a specific binary format and is not directly human-readable. However, you can use tools like the one provided by MetaCubeX to view its contents.

Also Read:

• Xbox Geosite
• Teamviewer Geosite

Limitations of Third-Party Clients

The guide emphasizes a crucial point: most third-party V2Ray GUI clients do not currently support loading external Geosite dat files. This means that to utilize custom domain lists, you’ll likely need to work directly with the core V2Ray configuration files.

Conclusion

The Geosite.dat file is a powerful tool within the V2Ray ecosystem, enabling fine-grained control over network traffic routing. Understanding how to use both the built-in and external Geosite *.dat files allows users to optimize their V2Ray set up for speed, privacy, and access to content like GeoSite 是什么文件​ for all regions.

While third-party GUI clients may lack support for external files, the flexibility of V2Ray’s core configuration system provides the means to implement sophisticated routing rules based on domain names and other criteria. Remember to regularly update your external Geosite Dat files to maintain their effectiveness.